N4

〜しか〜ない is a structure used to express limitation, restriction, or exclusivity. This pattern carries an emotional weight: a tone of dissatisfaction, regret etc.

〜たらどうですか functions as a polite and thoughtful suggestion implying the speaker believes the suggestion is a good, practical solution to a problem.

「〜続ける」(〜tsuzukeru) doesn't just mean "continue"; it conveys a specific, focused sense of uninterrupted action, persistence, and often, effort.

〜つもりだ (tsumori da) is foundational for clearly communicating your intentions, setting goals, and even describing complex personal assumptions.

The fundamental principle when 〜て expresses cause is this: The first clause (the reason) led naturally and often unavoidably to the second clause (the result).

When いく (iku) attaches to the te-form, it stops functioning as the verb "to go" and starts acting as a tool that modifies the flow or manner of the action.

The structure 「〜ておく」 is formed by combining the te-form of a verb with the verb おく (oku), which literally means "to put" or "to place."

~te itadakemasenka is the most "useful" polite request form since it strikes the perfect balance between being incredibly respectful and perfectly natural.

In this guide, we are going to break down the "go and come back" nuance of 〜てくる so you can start sounding less like a translation machine and more like a local.

The core of this grammar point is the Te-form. If you are comfortable with the Te-form, you are 90% of the way there. The simple rule is: Te-form + も (mo).